New Research in Physics

Design and Fabrication of a Silicon PIN Diode for Alpha Radiation Detection

Authors

Mohammad Daraee 1
Mohammad Esmail Azimaraghi 1
Mahdi Sadeghi 2
Seyed Ali Hashemizadeh 3

1 Faculty of physics, Kharazmi University

2 Iran University of Medical Sciences

3 Payam Noor University

https://doi.org/10.61882/jmrph.7.1.71
Abstract
In this article, The silicon-based PIN-type photodiode were designed and fabricated for alpha radiation detection. The energy resolution is one of the most important parameters in this type of detectors; the increase in energy resolution depends on the reduction of the fabricated photodiode dark leakage current. So one of the most important goals in this research is Design and Fabrication of photodiode with low leakage current and high energy resolution. The C-V and I-V electrical tests and the 241Am alpha spectrum measurement are carried out after the completion of the manufacturing process and an excellent spectral response was observed.

Keywords

Radiation detector
Silicon PIN photodiode
I-V
C-V characteristics
Spectral response
F. Iachello and A. Arima, The Interacting Boson Model (Cambridge U. Press, Cambridge, 1987). [DOI:10.1017/CBO9780511895517]
2. F. Iachello and R. D. Levine, Algebraic Theory of Molecules, (Oxford U. Press, Oxford, 1995). [DOI:10.1093/oso/9780195080919.001.0001]
3. R. Bijker and F. Iachello, Nucl. Phys. A 957 (2017) 154. [DOI:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2016.08.008]
4. J. A. Wheeler, Phys. Rev. 52 (1937) 1083. 10.1103/PhysRev.52.1123 10.1103/PhysRev.52.1107 [DOI:10.1103/PhysRev.52.1083]
5. L. R. Hafstad, E. Teller, Phys. Rev. 54 (1938) 681. [DOI:10.1103/PhysRev.54.681]
6. D. M. Dennison, Phys. Rev. 96 (1954) 378. [DOI:10.1103/PhysRev.96.378]
7. S. L. Kameny, Phys. Rev. 103 (1956) 358. [DOI:10.1103/PhysRev.103.358]
8. K. Wildermuth, T. Kanellopoulos, Nucl. Phys. A 7 (1958) 150. [DOI:10.1016/0029-5582(58)90245-1]
9. W. von Oertzen, M. Freer, Y. Kanada-En'yo, Phys. Rep. 432 (2006) 43. [DOI:10.1016/j.physrep.2006.07.001]
10. Y. Kanada-En'yo, Prog. Theor. Phys. 117 (2007) 655. [DOI:10.1143/PTP.117.655]
11. M. Chernykh, H. Feldmeier, T. Neff, P. von Neumann-Cosel, A. Richter, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 (2007) 032501. [DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.032501] [PMID]
12. Y. Funaki, H. Horiuchi, W. von Oertzen, G. Roepke, P. Schuck, A. Tohsaki, T. Yamada, Phys. Rev. C 80 (2009) 064326. [DOI:10.1103/PhysRevC.80.064326]
13. E. Epelbaum, H. Krebs, T.A. Lähde, D. Lee, U.-G. Meißner, G. Rupak, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112 (2014) 102501. [DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.102501] [PMID]
14. R. Bijker, F. Iachello, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 110 (2020) 103735. [DOI:10.1016/j.ppnp.2019.103735]
15. F. Iache|lo and A. D. Jackson, Phys. Lett. B 108 (1982) 151. [DOI:10.1016/0370-2693(82)91162-5]
16. A. Arima and F. Iachello, Ann. Phys. (NY) 99 (1976) 253. [DOI:10.1016/0003-4916(76)90097-X]
17. F. Iachello and R.D. Levine, J. Chem. Phys. 77 (1982) 3046. [DOI:10.1063/1.444228]
18. F. Iachello, Nucl. Phys. A 396 (1983) 233. [DOI:10.1016/0375-9474(83)90022-2]
19. H. J. Daley and F. Iachello, Phys. Lett. B 131 (1983) 281. [DOI:10.1016/0370-2693(83)90498-7]
20. F. Iachello, N. C. Mukhopadhyay and L. Zhang, Phys. Rev. D 44 (1991) 898. 10.1103/PhysRevD.44.898 [DOI:10.1103/PhysRevA.44.898] [PMID]
21. F. Iachello and D. Kusnezov, Phys. Rev. D 45 (1992) 4156. [DOI:10.1103/PhysRevD.45.4156] [PMID]
22. R. Bijker, F. Iachello and A. Leviatan, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 284 (2000) 89. [DOI:10.1006/aphy.2000.6064]
23. P.O. Hess, L. J. Chávez-Nuñez, EPJ A. 57 (2021) 146. [DOI:10.1140/epja/s10050-021-00460-5]
24. D. S. Lohr-Robles, G. E. Morales-Hernández, E. Lopez-Moreno, P.O. Hess, Nucl. Phys. A. 1030 (2023) 122589. [DOI:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2022.122589]
25. W. von Oertzen, Z. Phys. A 354 (1996) 37. [DOI:10.1007/s002180050010]
26. B. Imanishi, W. von Oertzen, Phys. Rep. 155 (1987) 29. [DOI:10.1016/0370-1573(87)90101-3]
27. W. von Oertzen, H. Bohlen, Phys. Rep. 19 (1975) 1. [DOI:10.1016/0370-1573(75)90054-X]
28. R. Bijker and F. Iachello, Phys. Rev. Lett 112 (2014) 152501. [DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.152501] [PMID]
29. T. Neff, H. Feldmeier, and R. Roth, Nucl. Phys. A 752 (2005) 321. [DOI:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2005.02.092]
30. V. Della Roccaa, R. Bijker, F. Iachello, Nucl. Phys. A 966 (2017) 158. [DOI:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2017.06.032]
31. R. Bijker and F. Iachello, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 110 (2020) 103735. [DOI:10.1016/j.ppnp.2019.103735]
32. R. Bijker, Phys. Scr. 91 (2016) 073005. [DOI:10.1088/0031-8949/91/7/073005]
33. V. Dell Rocca, F. Iachello, Nucl. Phys. A 973 (2018) 1. [DOI:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2018.02.003]
34. A. leviathan and M. W. Kirson, Ann. Phys (N. Y.) 188 (1988) 142. [DOI:10.1016/0003-4916(88)90093-0]
35. O. S. Roosmalen, Algebraic Description of nuclear and Molecular Rotation-Vibration spectra (Pd.D. Thesis, Groningen,The Netherlands) (1982).
36. F. Pan, J. Draayer, Nucl. Phys. A 636 (1998) 156. [DOI:10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00207-3]
37. F. Pan, X. Zhang, J. Draayer, J. Phys. A 35 (2002) 7173. [DOI:10.1088/0305-4470/35/33/313]
38. F. Iachello, Chem. Phys. Lett. 78 (1981) 581. [DOI:10.1016/0009-2614(81)85262-1]
39. O. S. Van Roosmalen, F. Iachello, R. D. Levine, and A. E. L. Dieperink, J. Chem. Phys. 79 (1983) 2515. [DOI:10.1063/1.446164]
40. E. Santopinto, R. Bijker, and F. Iachello, J. Math. Phys. 37 (1996) 2674. [DOI:10.1063/1.531689]
41. F. Pan and Y.F. Cao, J. Math. Phys. 29 (1988) 2384. [DOI:10.1063/1.528122]
42. S. Okabe, Y. Abe, H. Tanaka, Prog. Theor. Phys. 57 (1977) 866. [DOI:10.1143/PTP.57.866]
43. S. Okabe, Y. Abe, Prog. Theor. Phys. 61 (1979) 1049. [DOI:10.1143/PTP.61.1049]
44. F. Iachello, A. Arima, Phys. Lett. B 53 (1974) 309. [DOI:10.1016/0370-2693(74)90389-X]
45. D.R. Tilley et al, Nucl. Phys. A 745 (2004) 155. [DOI:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.059]
46. F. Ajzenberg-seloven, Nucl. Phys. A 248 (1975) 1. [DOI:10.1016/0375-9474(75)90211-0]
47. F. Ajzenberg-seloven, Nucl. Phys. A 152, (1970) 1. [DOI:10.1016/0375-9474(70)90002-3]
48. D.R. Tilley, H.R. Weller, CM. Cheves, Nucl. Phys. A 565 (1993) 1. 10.1016/0375-9474(93)90073-7 [DOI:10.1016/0375-9474(93)90024-R]
49. F. Ajzenberg-seloven, Nucl. Phys. A 375 (1982) 1. [DOI:10.1016/0375-9474(82)90538-3] []
F. Iachello and A. Arima, The Interacting Boson Model (Cambridge U. Press, Cambridge, 1987). [DOI:10.1017/CBO9780511895517]
2. F. Iachello and R. D. Levine, Algebraic Theory of Molecules, (Oxford U. Press, Oxford, 1995). [DOI:10.1093/oso/9780195080919.001.0001]
3. R. Bijker and F. Iachello, Nucl. Phys. A 957 (2017) 154. [DOI:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2016.08.008]
4. J. A. Wheeler, Phys. Rev. 52 (1937) 1083. 10.1103/PhysRev.52.1123 10.1103/PhysRev.52.1107 [DOI:10.1103/PhysRev.52.1083]
5. L. R. Hafstad, E. Teller, Phys. Rev. 54 (1938) 681. [DOI:10.1103/PhysRev.54.681]
6. D. M. Dennison, Phys. Rev. 96 (1954) 378. [DOI:10.1103/PhysRev.96.378]
7. S. L. Kameny, Phys. Rev. 103 (1956) 358. [DOI:10.1103/PhysRev.103.358]
8. K. Wildermuth, T. Kanellopoulos, Nucl. Phys. A 7 (1958) 150. [DOI:10.1016/0029-5582(58)90245-1]
9. W. von Oertzen, M. Freer, Y. Kanada-En'yo, Phys. Rep. 432 (2006) 43. [DOI:10.1016/j.physrep.2006.07.001]
10. Y. Kanada-En'yo, Prog. Theor. Phys. 117 (2007) 655. [DOI:10.1143/PTP.117.655]
11. M. Chernykh, H. Feldmeier, T. Neff, P. von Neumann-Cosel, A. Richter, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 (2007) 032501. [DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.032501] [PMID]
12. Y. Funaki, H. Horiuchi, W. von Oertzen, G. Roepke, P. Schuck, A. Tohsaki, T. Yamada, Phys. Rev. C 80 (2009) 064326. [DOI:10.1103/PhysRevC.80.064326]
13. E. Epelbaum, H. Krebs, T.A. Lähde, D. Lee, U.-G. Meißner, G. Rupak, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112 (2014) 102501. [DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.102501] [PMID]
14. R. Bijker, F. Iachello, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 110 (2020) 103735. [DOI:10.1016/j.ppnp.2019.103735]
15. F. Iache|lo and A. D. Jackson, Phys. Lett. B 108 (1982) 151. [DOI:10.1016/0370-2693(82)91162-5]
16. A. Arima and F. Iachello, Ann. Phys. (NY) 99 (1976) 253. [DOI:10.1016/0003-4916(76)90097-X]
17. F. Iachello and R.D. Levine, J. Chem. Phys. 77 (1982) 3046. [DOI:10.1063/1.444228]
18. F. Iachello, Nucl. Phys. A 396 (1983) 233. [DOI:10.1016/0375-9474(83)90022-2]
19. H. J. Daley and F. Iachello, Phys. Lett. B 131 (1983) 281. [DOI:10.1016/0370-2693(83)90498-7]
20. F. Iachello, N. C. Mukhopadhyay and L. Zhang, Phys. Rev. D 44 (1991) 898. 10.1103/PhysRevD.44.898 [DOI:10.1103/PhysRevA.44.898] [PMID]
21. F. Iachello and D. Kusnezov, Phys. Rev. D 45 (1992) 4156. [DOI:10.1103/PhysRevD.45.4156] [PMID]
22. R. Bijker, F. Iachello and A. Leviatan, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 284 (2000) 89. [DOI:10.1006/aphy.2000.6064]
23. P.O. Hess, L. J. Chávez-Nuñez, EPJ A. 57 (2021) 146. [DOI:10.1140/epja/s10050-021-00460-5]
24. D. S. Lohr-Robles, G. E. Morales-Hernández, E. Lopez-Moreno, P.O. Hess, Nucl. Phys. A. 1030 (2023) 122589. [DOI:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2022.122589]
25. W. von Oertzen, Z. Phys. A 354 (1996) 37. [DOI:10.1007/s002180050010]
26. B. Imanishi, W. von Oertzen, Phys. Rep. 155 (1987) 29. [DOI:10.1016/0370-1573(87)90101-3]
27. W. von Oertzen, H. Bohlen, Phys. Rep. 19 (1975) 1. [DOI:10.1016/0370-1573(75)90054-X]
28. R. Bijker and F. Iachello, Phys. Rev. Lett 112 (2014) 152501. [DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.152501] [PMID]
29. T. Neff, H. Feldmeier, and R. Roth, Nucl. Phys. A 752 (2005) 321. [DOI:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2005.02.092]
30. V. Della Roccaa, R. Bijker, F. Iachello, Nucl. Phys. A 966 (2017) 158. [DOI:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2017.06.032]
31. R. Bijker and F. Iachello, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 110 (2020) 103735. [DOI:10.1016/j.ppnp.2019.103735]
32. R. Bijker, Phys. Scr. 91 (2016) 073005. [DOI:10.1088/0031-8949/91/7/073005]
33. V. Dell Rocca, F. Iachello, Nucl. Phys. A 973 (2018) 1. [DOI:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2018.02.003]
34. A. leviathan and M. W. Kirson, Ann. Phys (N. Y.) 188 (1988) 142. [DOI:10.1016/0003-4916(88)90093-0]
35. O. S. Roosmalen, Algebraic Description of nuclear and Molecular Rotation-Vibration spectra (Pd.D. Thesis, Groningen,The Netherlands) (1982).
36. F. Pan, J. Draayer, Nucl. Phys. A 636 (1998) 156. [DOI:10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00207-3]
37. F. Pan, X. Zhang, J. Draayer, J. Phys. A 35 (2002) 7173. [DOI:10.1088/0305-4470/35/33/313]
38. F. Iachello, Chem. Phys. Lett. 78 (1981) 581. [DOI:10.1016/0009-2614(81)85262-1]
39. O. S. Van Roosmalen, F. Iachello, R. D. Levine, and A. E. L. Dieperink, J. Chem. Phys. 79 (1983) 2515. [DOI:10.1063/1.446164]
40. E. Santopinto, R. Bijker, and F. Iachello, J. Math. Phys. 37 (1996) 2674. [DOI:10.1063/1.531689]
41. F. Pan and Y.F. Cao, J. Math. Phys. 29 (1988) 2384. [DOI:10.1063/1.528122]
42. S. Okabe, Y. Abe, H. Tanaka, Prog. Theor. Phys. 57 (1977) 866. [DOI:10.1143/PTP.57.866]
43. S. Okabe, Y. Abe, Prog. Theor. Phys. 61 (1979) 1049. [DOI:10.1143/PTP.61.1049]
44. F. Iachello, A. Arima, Phys. Lett. B 53 (1974) 309. [DOI:10.1016/0370-2693(74)90389-X]
45. D.R. Tilley et al, Nucl. Phys. A 745 (2004) 155. [DOI:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.059]
46. F. Ajzenberg-seloven, Nucl. Phys. A 248 (1975) 1. [DOI:10.1016/0375-9474(75)90211-0]
47. F. Ajzenberg-seloven, Nucl. Phys. A 152, (1970) 1. [DOI:10.1016/0375-9474(70)90002-3]
48. D.R. Tilley, H.R. Weller, CM. Cheves, Nucl. Phys. A 565 (1993) 1. 10.1016/0375-9474(93)90073-7 [DOI:10.1016/0375-9474(93)90024-R]
49. F. Ajzenberg-seloven, Nucl. Phys. A 375 (1982) 1. [DOI:10.1016/0375-9474(82)90538-3] []
New Research in Physics
Volume 7, Issue 1 - Serial Number 12
September 2022
Pages 71-82

Home

Guide for Authors

Submit Manuscript

Reviewers

Contact Us